Psychological Journal Article Summary and Analysis Research Paper

Psychological Journal Article Summary and Analysis - Research Paper Example Another explicit purpose of the study was to compare mere exposure (exposure without a reward) to a no-treatment control condition. The role that this control condition played in the experiment was to provide a baseline for the analysis of child responses when external rewards were presented. The authors were also interested several factors that contribute to the discrepancy between the tendency for rewards to increase acceptance in field studies on one hand, but the tendency of rewards to decrease liking in laboratory studies. Implicit in the design of their study, the researchers attempted to study the type of reward used, the initial liking, and the intended outcome of the study and whether those factors play a role. To accomplish these tasks, the researchers used a cluster-randomized experimental design that arranged over 400 children into four conditions: an exposure plus tangible non-food reward, an exposure plus social reward, an exposure alone, and a no-treatment control grou p. Over 12 days, the children were presented daily with the exposure to a vegetable that children find objectionable in taste. Then, the children from the respective conditions were either given an additional reward or, for those in the control condition, left alone. The results measured from these tests of taste were collected at a one-month and a three-month point after the 12 exposures in order to examine the effects of the exposures on acquisition and maintenance of the taste. This research design was intended to either accept or reject the hypothesis that external rewards have a significant effect on changing children’s tastes for vegetables. The children in the study fell in between the range of 4 and 6 years old and were randomly assigned to their conditions. To test each of the children individually, the researchers used a vegetable that the child rated in the middle of five other vegetables so that there was the potential of learning to enjoy the taste of that middle vegetable. During the intervention period, children were given praise as a reward (in the social reward condition), a sticker (in the tangible non-food condition), or minimal social interaction (in the no exposure condition). Through all of this testing, the researchers discovered that liking for the vegetable increased in the three intervention conditions as compared to the control condition, in which children were not exposed to the vegetable. Within these results, there was no significant difference in liking between each of the exposure conditions (that is, social rewards did not increase liking more than non-food tangible rewards). In terms of timing after the initial study, each of the interventions maintained their difference at a significant level for one month, during the acquisition phase. However, children who were rewarded with external rewards maintained their liking for three months or more during the maintenance phase. Likewise, during this maintenance phase, there w as no significant difference between the social reward and the non-food tangible reward condition in terms of who continued to like the vegetables more. Meanwhile, the effect of the no reward exposure because insignificant by that three month point. In other words, external rewards do not produce negative effects and may actually be useful to

Apple and the iPod Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Apple and the iPod - Case Study Example Competitiveness in terms of the creation of an advantage for a company emanates from having in place and or developing competitive strategies to achieve that end. In the fast paced world of corporate operations companies cannot afford to stand pat on their developments, and or market positioning as its competitors are always seeking to gain market share through acquiring customers as well as retaining their own brand franchise. The pace of technological change, along with fast changing consumer wants, needs, and desires represents a serious challenge that must be planned for as well as implemented. To fully appreciate the context of this examination, one needs to understand that innovation is defined as "the introduction of something new a new idea, method or device (Merriam Webster Online, 2008). Within a corporate mode, this is not a process that can or does happen overnight, it is a corporate culture that emanates from the top of the leadership structure, and is fostered by an atm osphere that prides new ideas and directions (Tidd et al, 201, p. 228). In helping us to understand the context of innovation in a corporate setting Degraff and Lawrence (2002, p. 2) tell us that creativity is a fundamental part of innovation, and in that sense, today's corporations need to be more creative than in the past as a result of the competitiveness of globalisation, and the increased sophistication of consumers who can access the Internet to compare and analyse products. The information age has heightened the stakes in the consumer arena, thus companies must respond in the product segment of their business. In providing us with a further illustration of this new business climate Degraff and Lawrence (2002, p. 2) advise "Creativity, in short, is the core of all the competencies of an organization because creativity is what makes something better or new". The preceding is a core facet of innovation, which also includes new approaches to the creation of products, maintaining active communication with customers to understand the dynamics of their w ants, needs and desires, and then translating this into innovative products (Degraff and Lawrence, 2002, p. 2). The preceding areas have been covered as they represent important considerations in the study of innovation on

Carbonate and hydrochloric acid Essay Example for Free

Carbonate and hydrochloric acid Essay If you have a two fixed masses of hydrochloric acid, which have both been crushed up, the one with the smaller particles will have a higher rate of reaction, due to the fact that there is a higher surface area exposed to the hydrochloric acid. A good example to compare this to would be slicing a loaf of bread, then spreading butter on it. The more thinner you cut each slice of bread, the more you can get which means that you would be able to spread more butter. This type of theory is known as the bread and butter theory and is often used in biology. The higher surface area of marble chips there is that is in contact with the hydrochloric acid, the higher the rate of reaction, and the more products that are formed in a given amount of time. Light Some chemical reactions are affected by the presence of light. One example of a reaction that depends on the presence of sunlight is photosynthesis, which only takes place when sunlight falls on a plant, which contains green pigmentation called chlorophyll. Another example of a reaction that only takes place in the presence of light is that which occurs when a photograph is taken. Inside the camera is a transparent film, which a clear plastic film that is covered in an emulsion of a layer of gelatine which is filled with millions of tiny crystals of silver halides, especially silver bromide (AgBr). The emulsion that is used is similar for both colour and black and white film. The only difference is that the colour film contains three layers of emulsion which all contain different dyes. When light falls hits a silver bromide molecule, silver cations (Ag+) accepts an electron from the bromine ions (Br-) creating a silver atom. Ag+ + e- Ag Silver ion + Electron Silver atom The bromine atoms that are produced are then trapped in the gelatine. The more light that hits the photographic film the greater the amount of silver that is deposited. As you can see, most of the ways of increasing the rate of reactivity involve increasing the number of successful collisions within the reaction itself. Once you do this the rate of reaction should increase. However, just increasing the number of collisions doesnt necessarily mean that the rate of reaction is increased. This is because in order to increase the rate of reaction you need to increase the number of successful collisions. When collisions occur, if they do not have enough energy, which is in the form of kinetic energy, then they would repel each other. However if they do have enough energy, then they would combine, which is a successful collision. The way in which the rate of reaction is calculated is by using the following formula: Reaction rate= change in amount (or concentration) of a substance/products produced Time taken Therefore, in this case, I will be measuring the rate of reaction by measuring the quantity of products formed. The formula would then be: Reaction rate= carbon dioxide produced. Time taken Using this method you can work out the average rate of reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid in the time given for the experiment. The rate at which it reacts would be measured in x grams/minute. Aim The aim of this experiment is to see how the rate of reaction can be affected by a factor [variable]. The variable that we chose was the concentration of the acid, so the aim is to see how the concentration of hydrochloric acid can affect the rate of reactivity. Prediction Substances are prone to burn much faster in the presence of oxygen. For example a charcoal in a barbeque would often be burning quite slowly with a red glow. However, when you blow on t, the coal would become even hotter as it gets more red, and my even burst into flames. This is as you are blowing a higher concentration of oxygen onto it. Another example is acetylene, which burns extremely rapidly in the presence of pure oxygen. The energy produced, in the form of heat, is enough to burn through metal, which is what it is used for: C2H2 + 2. 5O2 2CO2 + H2O + heat Acetylene + Oxygen Carbon dioxide + Water + heat energy. Chemical reactions occur when successful collisions occur between particles. This is when particles gain enough speed that when they collide with each other they join together. Successful collisions between acetylene molecules and oxygen molecules occur when pure oxygen is used instead of air. Therefore, the rate of reaction increases the rate of reaction as well as increasing the amount of heat given off. From this, I can therefore predict that as you increase the concentration of the hydrochloric acid, you would also be increasing the rate of reaction. I predict that the shape of the graph would look like so: This is as the rate of reaction at the beginning would be quite rapid. This would eventually slow down due to the fact that the calcium chloride and the hydrochloric acid are being used up. I therefore predict that the shape of the graph would eventually level off, and all of the lines (the concentrations) should end up at the same level in the end. Preliminary Investigation There are two methods that may be used to measure the rate of reaction, which are: * How fast the reactants are used up. How fast the products are formed The method we are using is to measure how fast the products are formed; in this case how fast the carbon dioxide is formed. Preliminary experiments were performed beforehand to understand how the actual experiment should be carried out, decide on the quantities of substances used as well as comprehend the observations in the experiment, i. e. effervescence, in order to acknowledge the reaction. First, we had to decide on the concentration of hydrochloric acid used. The fist concentration that was tried was 3 molar, which I decided was too fast. This was as the reading on the gas syringe went above the maximum level quite rapidly, which is not sufficient as it means that the results would not be adequate enough to identify a trend, which is the main aim of this investigation. The next concentration level that was tried was 2 molar, which I decided was adequate enough for the maximum concentration. Even though the reading in the gas syringe did go above the maximum, I did keep in mind that I was going to be using a larger gas syringe for the actual experiment. Therefore the maximum concentration of acid that is going to be used is 2 molar, which is the variable. We are then going to reduce this to 1. 8 molar, 1. 6 molar, 1. 4 molar, 1. 2 molar and then finally 1 molar. I believe that these sets of variables would be adequate enough in order to identify a trend. After deciding on the quantities used, I then had to decide what volume of acid I was going to be using. The first volume I tried was 0. 5ml, which was too slow. I then tired 10 ml, which was again proving to be quite a slow reaction. So I then doubled the volume of the acid, which I believed was satisfactory, as the rate of reaction was good, and the amount of co2 produced was satisfactory, as it did not go over the syringe limit. I then had to decide what mass of calcium carbonate chips I had to use. The first mass that I had tried was 0. 5grams, which produced a far too slow rate of reaction. I then tried 2 grams of calcium carbonate, which was too fast of a reaction, and the amount of CO2 produced was off the reading on the gas syringe, so I halved it to 1 gram, which was satisfactory. The amount of time I am going to use is 90 seconds (one and a half minutes) as I believe that this is a sufficient amount of time in which I will be able to identify any trend between the concentration of hydrochloric acid and the amount of carbon dioxide produced. Here are the results for the volume of acid: Concentration of acid: 1M Mass of marble chips: 1. 0 gram Volume of acid used: 5 ml. Time (s) Concentration of acid: 1M Mass of marble chips: 1. 0 gram Volume of acid: 10 ml Time (s). Concentration of acid: 1M Mass of marble chips: 1. 0 gram Volume of acid: 20ml TConcentration of acid: 1M Mass of marble chips: 1 gram Volume of acid: 20ml Time (s) + Here are the results for the concentration of hydrochloric acid: Concentration of acid: 2M Mass of marble chips:1 gram Volume of acid: 20ml Time (s) 2 produced (cm3) + Concentration of acid: 1M Mass of marble chips: 1 gram Volume of acid: 20ml Time (s)(cm3)Â   The overall result for the preliminary investigation using the correct quantities would be: Time (s) 1 produced (cm3) with 1MÂ   The graph for the preliminary investigation looked like this: Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Patterns of Behaviour section.

Eulogy for Grandfather :: Eulogies Eulogy

Eulogy for Grandfather To my family, relatives and friends who knew Joseph, may the grace and peace of Almighty God the Father, His Son Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit be with you all. Although I can not be here today physically, I am here with you in spirit. I would like to share a few words about my grandfather, whom I loved very dearly. He was a man who loved his family very much and made the best of what he had to provide for them. During my lifetime, I observed how diligently my grandfather worked in the barbershop, in the garden and around the house. He would also go out to cut hair for those who were in the hospital, house bound and in the nursing home. I also observed his generosity when he would give friends and relatives food from his garden. He always had a kind word and gentle smile towards those whom he encountered. His charity, I am convinced, is an effect of his strong Catholic faith in our Lord Jesus Christ. Charity towards others is the greatest sign of God's presence in our lives. His charity overflowed into his family. He truly loved his wife, his children and grandchildren. Even when there would be disagreements in the family, he would be the fi rst one to put end to them. He always made it a point that peace should remain in the family no matter what would happen. These words of wisdom were made manifest by the 65 years of marriage he enjoyed. From the time I was born until the day I left for Rome last August, my grandfather had always cut my hair. As he cut my hair, he would tell me stories about Westerly, family matters, tending the garden and, of course, his birthplace Acri, which is situated in the center of Calabria, Italy. He would tell the same stories over and over to me, my father, my aunt and uncle and my cousins. He never tired of telling these stories and they always seem to bring a smile to his face. Now when I look back, these are the memories I have of him, of who he was, of what he did, and how he lived. In April of this year, I had the unique opportunity of traveling to Acri on a day trip. When I arrived in this small town situated in the mountains of Calabria, I began to see all the places my grandfather told me about when he used to cut my hair. Eulogy for Grandfather :: Eulogies Eulogy Eulogy for Grandfather To my family, relatives and friends who knew Joseph, may the grace and peace of Almighty God the Father, His Son Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit be with you all. Although I can not be here today physically, I am here with you in spirit. I would like to share a few words about my grandfather, whom I loved very dearly. He was a man who loved his family very much and made the best of what he had to provide for them. During my lifetime, I observed how diligently my grandfather worked in the barbershop, in the garden and around the house. He would also go out to cut hair for those who were in the hospital, house bound and in the nursing home. I also observed his generosity when he would give friends and relatives food from his garden. He always had a kind word and gentle smile towards those whom he encountered. His charity, I am convinced, is an effect of his strong Catholic faith in our Lord Jesus Christ. Charity towards others is the greatest sign of God's presence in our lives. His charity overflowed into his family. He truly loved his wife, his children and grandchildren. Even when there would be disagreements in the family, he would be the fi rst one to put end to them. He always made it a point that peace should remain in the family no matter what would happen. These words of wisdom were made manifest by the 65 years of marriage he enjoyed. From the time I was born until the day I left for Rome last August, my grandfather had always cut my hair. As he cut my hair, he would tell me stories about Westerly, family matters, tending the garden and, of course, his birthplace Acri, which is situated in the center of Calabria, Italy. He would tell the same stories over and over to me, my father, my aunt and uncle and my cousins. He never tired of telling these stories and they always seem to bring a smile to his face. Now when I look back, these are the memories I have of him, of who he was, of what he did, and how he lived. In April of this year, I had the unique opportunity of traveling to Acri on a day trip. When I arrived in this small town situated in the mountains of Calabria, I began to see all the places my grandfather told me about when he used to cut my hair.

What Is a Linear Programming Problem

Linear Programming is a mathematical technique useful for allocation of scarce or limited resources to several competing activities on the basis of given criterion of optimality. The usefulness of linear programming as a tool for optimal decision-making on resource allocation, is based on its applicability to many diversified decision problems. The effective use and application requires, as on its applicability to many diversified decision problems. The effective use and application requires, as a first step, the mathematical formulation of an LP model, when the problem is presented in words.Steps of linear programming model formulation are summarized as follows : STEP 1 : Identify the Decision Variables a) Express each constraint in words. For this you should first see whether the constraint is of the form >/ (at least as large as), of the form < (no larger than) or of the form = (exactly equal to) b) You should then verbally express the objective function c) Steps (a) and (b) should then allow you to verbally identify the decision variablesIf there are several decision alternatives available , then in order to identify the decision variables you need to ask yourself the question – what decisions must be made in order to optimize the objective function ? Having accomplished step 1(a) through (c) decide the symbolic notation for the decision variables and specify units of measurement. Such specification of units of measurement would help in interpreting the final solution of the LP problem . STEP 2 : Identify the Problem Data For solving a problem, we need to identify the problem data so as to provide the actual values for the decision variables. For this,†¦

Media Violence and the Decline of America - 1786 Words

â€Å"Corporate greed is the beating heart of America!† (Law Order) There is an insatiable hunger that strikes every commercial business. It is an unquenchable desire for more money. Who wants more money? Most corporations do not have to think more than once about this question. They already know the answer. Their only mission is to increase the amount of money they make in one way or another, and to discover effective ways to acquire even more of this coveted resource. Businesses exist for money and use money to exist. Quite simply, they are controlled by how much money they have or how much debt they have. They are controlled entirely by greed and the love of money. The truth is that most corporations would do anything in order to†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, this study did show that in 1996 to 1997 there was a decrease in the number of series on the air that contained violence, but that in the third year of the study the number of shows containing vio lent content began increasing again, and the shows contained â€Å"real or re-created images of animals attacking or killing people.† Furthermore, Carol Olsen proclaims, in an article titled â€Å"Carol Olson: Senior Columnist: Too much violence on TV and movies†, it states shockingly â€Å"there has been a mass shooting somewhere in America ALMOST monthly since 2009†. Her belief is that the violence in the media, including video games, teaches the viewer to â€Å"shoot and kill people just for the fun of it† and that in addition to that the reality based television programs portray family members that behave badly toward one another. Dishonesty and loss of values are what is portrayed by these families via many lies and deceitful behavior, and Olsen’s belief is that it is not possible to be surrounded by so much cruelty and anger without it having an effect on you; I agree wholeheartedly. Contrarily, some of the supporters of these types of pro grams defer to the first amendment and claim that censorship violates their freedom of speech, and in a way I agree that it does; however, I believe as a society we must weigh the pros and the cons, and that theShow MoreRelatedGun Laws And Gun Control1296 Words   |  6 Pagesseveral years, gun violence has been an urgent issue that should be addressed. According to the gun violence archive, 307 mass shootings have occurred since January 1 to November 5. The deadliest mass shooting in us history had just recently occurred on Sunday, October 1. Steve paddock had purchased their guns legally in which caused approximately 500 people to be injured and 38 people had been killed. The congress is constantly being urged by people to impose strict gun laws for America. Gun control lawsRead MoreMedia Rooted Aggression And Its Effects On Society1403 Words   |  6 PagesTravis Smith Mrs. Kirkland ENG 131 10/3/16 â€Å"Media Rooted Aggression† In the modern world which we live in it is easy for the human psyche to place blame on media for the violence which it portrays. The constant onslaught of information being forced down our throats leaves us shaken and weary. Society has been lead to believe that life as we know it is teetering on the edge of chaos and destruction on a daily basis. Although fundamentally this is true in the grand scheme of the cosmos. Our livesRead MoreThe Media And Its Effects On The United States1372 Words   |  6 Pagesthe United States of America own firearms and use them in a proper, safe manner. Yet, gun control advocates pursue in trying to ban and put limits on the purchase and ownership of guns because of rare mass shootings that the media portrays to the general public. The media never shows the public the good that firearms do, the way firearms saves lives and keeps people safe. Gun control advocates believe that minimizing the availability of purchasing guns will decrease gun violence . This is ignorantRead MoreThe Problem With Gun Control976 Words   |  4 PagesAmerica believes there is a problem with gun control, a problem that we do know the correct course of action. With laws, NRA, and groups standing on both sides of gun control, we will never see the truth. Is a good guy with a gun the best way to stop a bad guy with a gun, or can we stop them with words? Would having teachers armed with a gun stop a student, or anyone from coming on school campus and open fire? Should Americans change the law on gun control? So many questions on gun control, but noRead More The Perpetuation of Negative Images of African Americans through Mass Media1701 Words   |  7 Pagesthrough Mass Media Works Cited Not Included Why as white people have we been lulled into thinking its safe to be around other white people. Why have we been taught since birth that it’s the people of that other color we need to fear? They’re the ones that will slit your throat (Moore 57). The mass media has played and will continue to play a crucial role in the way white Americans perceive African-Americans. As a result of the overwhelming media focus on crime, drug use, gang violence, and otherRead MoreWhy Did The United States Come To An End794 Words   |  4 Pagescome to an end at some time. It is shown that every empire has a great period of time filled with outstanding peace, prosperity, inventions, and architecture, but all good things must come to an end, and throughout time empires end with corruption, violence, and destruction. Most empires fell due to invasion, lack of advancing, or the empire got too big. For example, the Incans fell because their weapons were not superior when they go invaded by the Spanish. Another advanced empire that fell was theRead MoreMovie Analysis : Bowling For Columbine1027 Words   |  5 PagesBowling for Columbine is a documentary directed and written by Michael Moore about the United States of America’s mindset on gun violence and finding out the key causes of why America has the highest amount of gun related deaths in the world. Moore does this by venturing to Flint Michigan, Ontario Canada, Littleton Colorado, South Central Los Angeles, and interviewing the locals, Charles Heston (the president of the National Rifles Association), Marilyn Manson, Evan McCollum (director of communicationsRead MoreSpiritual Culture in America Essay578 Words   |  3 PagesAmerican Spiritual Culture Is there spiritual culture in America? To answer this question, we must first describe spirituality and culture separately, and then fuse them in the end. In the dictionary, it states that spirituality is the state or quality of being dedicated to God, religion, or spiritual things or values, especially as contrasted with material or temporal ones. Spirituality to me basically is the act of uniting with a higher being, whether it is an understanding or concept whichRead MoreEssay on Censorship - News Must not be Censored615 Words   |  3 Pageshappening in our society. Some, on the other hand, claim the news media are only interested in increasing their ratings and do so by reporting events that are violent in nature. Those who believe this also think that violence in the news has a direct effect on our society. Its precise effect would be dictating a societys behavior. Because the news is an informative service and the crime rates are decreasing one can claim that the news media is just a reflection of society. 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Sugar Revolution - 2658 Words

The Sugar Revolution In the seventeenth century both in the English and to a lesser extent in the French islands, a change occurred in the basic cash crop. This change was so rapid and far-reaching that ‘revolutionary’ is a fitting word to describe it. It ranks in importance with emancipation, for the sugar revolution changed the Lesser Antilles completely. It was not just that sugar replaced tobacco as the chief crop: the population changed from white to black; the size of landholdings changed; and eventually the West Indies became ‘the cockpit of Europe’. The list of changes the sugar revolution brought is almost inexhaustible. The sugar revolution is most clearly demonstrated in the history of Barbados where it occurred in roughly one†¦show more content†¦The Dutch traders and captains were looking for ways by which to increase their trade and they saw that encouraging the planting of sugar was a great opportunity. Sugar needed capital which the small planters of the eastern Caribbean did not have, but the Dutch came to the rescue by supplying credit. A Dutch merchant would put up the capital on the security of the crop. In this way many planters started. The Dutch took over the export and sale of the crop in return for providing the initial capital. Not only highly specialised labour, but also the ordinary manual labour was provided by the Dutch as the slave trade was in their hands. The Dutch brought slaves from West Africa to the West Indies at the rate of about 3000 per year. It has been said that the Dutch made the West Indies black. At least they started off the process which led to a decline 105 CSEC_BK1-pp104-138_cmh2.indd 105 6/1/08 20:27:13 in the white population and a meteoric rise in the black. England could not have provided these essentials for the development of the sugar industry. In any case the English system was not one of supporting the West Indian colonies through a wealthy company or through the government. Colonies and their plantations were individual enterprises which were expected to manage on their own. Results of the change in land use Land tenure Tobacco had been grown by small planters on smallholdings of between 5 and 30 acresShow MoreRelatedsugar revolution1746 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effects that the Sugar Revolution had on the 18th century Caribbean Society The Sugar became population in the West Indies. The English, French colonies who settled Caribbean island such as St.kitts in the early 16th grew tobacco in order to make money. For a little while they were able to make the profit. However by 1640’s the faced different competition from tobacco grower in virgina had certain advantages which are virgiana had large lots of fertile land. 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The continuous sugar intake during the day promotes increased levels of bacteria producing acid which attacks the enamel of teeth. Biological mechanisms to clear the acid, such as saliva cannot prevent the ultimately increased risk of tooth decay against this increased sugar intake. AsRead MoreThe Production And Discovery Of Sugar And Its Amazing Taste And Capabilities Essay1390 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscovery of sugar grasped civilizations by its amazing taste and capabilities. Sugars effect on farming changed how the Americas farm to this day, and has also created huge trade exchanges be tween continents and countries . One of the main reasons for slavery to exist for so long in the Americas was because of sugars high demand. So plantation owners had to search for more sustainable workers which led them to Africa. The constant bringing of workers expanded trade in the 1500s. Sugar also led toRead MoreThe Production And Discovery Of Sugar Essay1395 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscovery of sugar have grasped civilizations by its amazing taste and capabilities.Sugars effect on farming changed how the Americas farm to this day,and has also created huge trade exchanges between continents and countries .One of the main reasons for slavery to exist for so long in the Americas was because of sugars high demand and plantation owners search for more sustainable workers.It changed how we eat and how we use our world s resources. It led the way for modern innovations in sugar cultivationRead MorePotential Multifunctional Role Of Sugarcane Output10082 Words   |  41 PagesPakistan 18 4.3 Sugarcane By-Products and their uses 21 4.3.1 Uses of Bagasse 23 4.3.2 Molasses 26 4.3.3 Ethanol 28 4.3.4 Sugar 30 4.4 By-Products Production 31 4.4.1 Molasses 31 4.4.2 Ethanol 36 4.4.3 Bagasse 40 4.4.4 Bagasse Based Cogeneration 43 4.4.5 Bagasse Cogeneration - A Technical Overview 49 4.4.6 Sugar 51 4.5 Summary 54 †¢ Summary, Conclusion and Policy Recommendation 5.1 Summary of Study 55 5.2 Concluding Remarks andRead MoreSugar Alternatives in Foods and Beverages1339 Words   |  5 PagesIn recent years, sugar alternatives have become increasingly popular as a substitute for sugar in various foods and beverages. Sugar alternatives have similar uses as sugar such as providing taste, bulk, and texture [citation]. 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Sugar can be found in most fatty foods we eat today, therefore blamed by many to be the main causing factor of obesity. The â€Å"sugar† detailed in the Courrier Mail article is specified as table sugar, a disaccharide called sucrose, which is a made up of fructose and glucose. A statement by Tim Gill: â€Å"sugar can’t take the whole blame (obesity)† is correct because of the reasons mentioned in this essay. Although sugar in some form is naturally present in manyRead MoreEssay on Diabetes888 Words   |  4 Pagesusually ineffective in breaking down sugars in the body. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Present treatments for type one diabetes require lifelong care in order to keep blood sugar levels within a safe range. Some treatments include monitoring blood levels several times a day using a home blood sugar meter, taking several insulin injections everyday or using an insulin pump, eating a balanced diet that spreads carbohydrates (sugars) throughout the day to prevent high sugar levels after meals, regular medical