Sugar Revolution - 2658 Words

The Sugar Revolution In the seventeenth century both in the English and to a lesser extent in the French islands, a change occurred in the basic cash crop. This change was so rapid and far-reaching that ‘revolutionary’ is a fitting word to describe it. It ranks in importance with emancipation, for the sugar revolution changed the Lesser Antilles completely. It was not just that sugar replaced tobacco as the chief crop: the population changed from white to black; the size of landholdings changed; and eventually the West Indies became ‘the cockpit of Europe’. The list of changes the sugar revolution brought is almost inexhaustible. The sugar revolution is most clearly demonstrated in the history of Barbados where it occurred in roughly one†¦show more content†¦The Dutch traders and captains were looking for ways by which to increase their trade and they saw that encouraging the planting of sugar was a great opportunity. Sugar needed capital which the small planters of the eastern Caribbean did not have, but the Dutch came to the rescue by supplying credit. A Dutch merchant would put up the capital on the security of the crop. In this way many planters started. The Dutch took over the export and sale of the crop in return for providing the initial capital. Not only highly specialised labour, but also the ordinary manual labour was provided by the Dutch as the slave trade was in their hands. The Dutch brought slaves from West Africa to the West Indies at the rate of about 3000 per year. It has been said that the Dutch made the West Indies black. At least they started off the process which led to a decline 105 CSEC_BK1-pp104-138_cmh2.indd 105 6/1/08 20:27:13 in the white population and a meteoric rise in the black. England could not have provided these essentials for the development of the sugar industry. In any case the English system was not one of supporting the West Indian colonies through a wealthy company or through the government. Colonies and their plantations were individual enterprises which were expected to manage on their own. Results of the change in land use Land tenure Tobacco had been grown by small planters on smallholdings of between 5 and 30 acresShow MoreRelatedsugar revolution1746 Words   |  7 PagesThe Effects that the Sugar Revolution had on the 18th century Caribbean Society The Sugar became population in the West Indies. The English, French colonies who settled Caribbean island such as St.kitts in the early 16th grew tobacco in order to make money. For a little while they were able to make the profit. However by 1640’s the faced different competition from tobacco grower in virgina had certain advantages which are virgiana had large lots of fertile land. Virginia tobacco was cheaper andRead MoreThe Roles of Globalization in Timothy Brook’s Vermeer’s Hat and Sidney Mintz’s Sweetness and Power791 Words   |  3 PagesTimothy Brook’s Vermeer’s Hat and Sidney Mintz’s Sweetness and Power deal with the role of commodities in world history. Mintz analyzes the history of sugar production and consumption in Europe. Mintz discusses how the fall of sugar as a luxurious and exotic product to a necessity for the most common of the working class was able to command a revolution in diet and lifestyle, during industrial ization and the rise of capitalism. Brook tells the story of tobacco’s route from the Americas to Europe. AsRead MoreThe Consumption Of Fast Food Essay1608 Words   |  7 Pagesin refined sugars and fermentable carbohydrates instead of natural foods such as fruits, vegetables and nuts. The fast food industry promotes convenience and consumption of soft drinks and snacks in between meals. The continuous sugar intake during the day promotes increased levels of bacteria producing acid which attacks the enamel of teeth. Biological mechanisms to clear the acid, such as saliva cannot prevent the ultimately increased risk of tooth decay against this increased sugar intake. AsRead MoreThe Production And Discovery Of Sugar And Its Amazing Taste And Capabilities Essay1390 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscovery of sugar grasped civilizations by its amazing taste and capabilities. Sugars effect on farming changed how the Americas farm to this day, and has also created huge trade exchanges be tween continents and countries . One of the main reasons for slavery to exist for so long in the Americas was because of sugars high demand. So plantation owners had to search for more sustainable workers which led them to Africa. The constant bringing of workers expanded trade in the 1500s. Sugar also led toRead MoreThe Production And Discovery Of Sugar Essay1395 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscovery of sugar have grasped civilizations by its amazing taste and capabilities.Sugars effect on farming changed how the Americas farm to this day,and has also created huge trade exchanges between continents and countries .One of the main reasons for slavery to exist for so long in the Americas was because of sugars high demand and plantation owners search for more sustainable workers.It changed how we eat and how we use our world s resources. It led the way for modern innovations in sugar cultivationRead MorePotential Multifunctional Role Of Sugarcane Output10082 Words   |  41 PagesPakistan 18 4.3 Sugarcane By-Products and their uses 21 4.3.1 Uses of Bagasse 23 4.3.2 Molasses 26 4.3.3 Ethanol 28 4.3.4 Sugar 30 4.4 By-Products Production 31 4.4.1 Molasses 31 4.4.2 Ethanol 36 4.4.3 Bagasse 40 4.4.4 Bagasse Based Cogeneration 43 4.4.5 Bagasse Cogeneration - A Technical Overview 49 4.4.6 Sugar 51 4.5 Summary 54 †¢ Summary, Conclusion and Policy Recommendation 5.1 Summary of Study 55 5.2 Concluding Remarks andRead MoreSugar Alternatives in Foods and Beverages1339 Words   |  5 PagesIn recent years, sugar alternatives have become increasingly popular as a substitute for sugar in various foods and beverages. Sugar alternatives have similar uses as sugar such as providing taste, bulk, and texture [citation]. In a world where dieting and weight management grow ever more necessary, sugar alternatives are a non-caloric sweetener that can help with health goals. Sugar alternatives, based on their minimal glycemic effect, can also be important factors in reducing the symptoms ofRead MoreSweetness and Power by Sidney Mintz873 Words   |  4 Pagessocial history revolving around sugar consumption and production in Europe as well as its colonies, predominantly focusing on England. Mintz examines the structure of power, which made it probable for sugar to actually turn out to be the first luxury-turned-necessity that propelled a revolution within lifestyle and diet, principally within the working class in the upsurge of capitalism and Industrial Revolution. Mintz further argues that the contribution of sugar to several developed countriesRead MoreA Balanced Consumption Of Micronutrients4031 Words   |  17 Pagesfoundations in the development of human obesity. Sugar can be found in most fatty foods we eat today, therefore blamed by many to be the main causing factor of obesity. The â€Å"sugar† detailed in the Courrier Mail article is specified as table sugar, a disaccharide called sucrose, which is a made up of fructose and glucose. A statement by Tim Gill: â€Å"sugar can’t take the whole blame (obesity)† is correct because of the reasons mentioned in this essay. Although sugar in some form is naturally present in manyRead MoreEssay on Diabetes888 Words   |  4 Pagesusually ineffective in breaking down sugars in the body. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Present treatments for type one diabetes require lifelong care in order to keep blood sugar levels within a safe range. Some treatments include monitoring blood levels several times a day using a home blood sugar meter, taking several insulin injections everyday or using an insulin pump, eating a balanced diet that spreads carbohydrates (sugars) throughout the day to prevent high sugar levels after meals, regular medical

Basic Forms Of Business Organization - 1356 Words

Three basic forms of business organization are sole proprietorship, partnership, and corporation. Sole proprietorship is the simplest form of business organization in which there is only one owner (Cheeseman, 2015, p. 570). Single person is responsible for all debts, liabilities, and obligations, as well as unlimited liability for business operations. If the owner is unsuccessful and acquires debt, creditors can pursue legal action and acquire access to personal bank accounts, real estate, and other assets by the court order to repay person’s debt obligations. Owners of sole proprietorships cannot raise capital by selling shares that represent stakeholder interest in the business. The owner reports all income and expenses in personal tax return. The business terminates upon withdrawal or an owner’s death. The owner can sell the business and by doing so, will lose the ownership. Advantages of sole proprietorship include freedom of decisions, tax breaks, ease to start, ow nership of all profits, being taxed once as a personal income of the owner, and lack of government compliance. Disadvantages of sole proprietorship include unlimited liability, very limited sources of production, and difficulty to raise capital. According to Cheeseman (2015), general partnership is an association of two or more persons to carry on as co-owners of a business for profit (p. 572). The rights and duties of partners are established in the partnership agreement and by law such as UniformShow MoreRelatedVarious Forms of Organizations Essay1501 Words   |  7 PagesYOU DECIDE PAPER 2 Part I:   Discuss the various forms of organization that are available to Penelope, Mark and John The various forms of organization available to Penelope, Mark and John are: GENERAL PARTNERSHIPS: A general partnership is a business organization formed when 2 or more individuals or entities form a business for profit. All partners share in the management and in the profits and decide on matters of ordinary business operations by majority of the partners or by percentage ownershipRead MoreThe Current Scenario of Setting Up a Business1375 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The Current Scenario The government of the state has allocated the funds for setting up the small business to promote the local investments and for the promotion of domestic products. The theme of the funds allocation is also to eradicate the overspills of globalization that are inhibiting the private investors to invest in the national economy. This fund allocation by the government will also instill a new sense of entrepreneurial activities at small sale and later on the economyRead MoreCase Study : Employee Skills Development1270 Words   |  6 Pages1. Customer focus Client is the key for any business and so in the modern business world the client eventually decides the level of value and quality for a specific business. Regardless of what an association does to encourage quality integration, preparing workers, incorporating quality into the configuration process, redesigning functions and processes, or purchasing new apparatuses, ultimately it is the client who figures out if the endeavors were advantageous (Evans Lindsay., 2014). 2. EmployeeRead MoreStakeholders, Categories Responsibilities of Organizations1723 Words   |  7 PagesResponsibilities of Organizations 1. Describe the basic features that distinguish the four basic forms of business ownership: sole proprietorships, general partnerships, C corporations, and limited liability companies. Ownership of C corporation is represented by shares of the stock, or shareholders, it is the most common type of the business, where ownership to the shareholders offers a limited liability to all its owners. Limited liability companies are those companies who have the form of the partnershipRead MoreWhy Do Business Exist? Review1304 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Why does business exist? â€Å" is a question that people may easily miss, because business has been so engaged in social life. However, it is still an issue that needs everyone, especially business people to deeply explore. From my point of view, business organizations exist in order to meet the needs of our daily life. Business organizations have been everywhere in our lives. When people need food, they go to supermarkets to choose what they would like to eat. This is the business activity betweenRead MoreFour Basic Financial Statements977 Words   |  4 PagesBasic Financial Statements Accountants, business owners, investors, creditors and employees use four basic financial statements of an organization to determine the financial well-being and future earnings potential of that organization. Financial statements are a key tool in seeing and understanding the past, present and future condition of an organization. What are these financial statements and what do they mean to the reader? Do the financial statements mean something completely different toRead MoreBusiness Management And The Future Business Model1698 Words   |  7 Pagesactivity understand that when using the correct scientific approach to the organization of the production process can be achieved the highest productivity. A number of key issues arise from the statement. For instance, entrepreneurship despite its relatively short period of time has passed a long way of evolution from a rather banal management practices to modern and innovative technologies and methods of business management. Business m anagement can be considered a system of economic analysis of the companyRead MoreBusiness Essay Topic: Forms of Business Organizations930 Words   |  4 PagesBusiness Essay Topic: Forms of Business Organizations It is important that the business owner seriously considers the different forms of business organization — types such as sole proprietorship, partnership, and corporation. Which organizational form is most appropriate can be influenced by tax issues, legal issues, financial concerns, and personal concerns. This essay explains the general impression of business organizations. A Sole Proprietorship, also known as the sole trader or simplyRead MoreInterview And Reflection Assignment On Innovation1177 Words   |  5 Pagesworkshops. Indeed, innovation is a demanding undertaking. For the accomplishment of an organization it requires repeatable and thorough arrangement of development. Inventiveness and thoughts are fundamental elements of innovation. The seeds of innovation are given by people, however innovation is a collaboration that transforms thoughts into reality and conveys unmistakable results. (Elliott, 2014) Organizations today confront a brutal final offer: Innovate or fade away. Senior administrators overRead MoreProfessional Communication1467 Words   |  6 PagesContents Page * Introduction 1 * Basic Communication 1 * Classification of Communication 1 * Objectives and purposes of Communications 1 * Scope of Communication in any functional Organization 2 * Different mediums of Communication 2 * Modes of Communication 2 * Barriers to Communication 3 * Principles of Effective Communication 3 * Business Correspondence Letters 3 * Enquiries, Quotations, Complaints

Accounting and Finance for Commonwealth Bank - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theAccounting and Finance for Commonwealth Bank. Answer: Introduction The current study elucidates in detail about ethics and corporate social responsibility that refer to accountability of a corporation for the impacts of its decisions on society with reference to the operations of the firm CommInsue. CommInsue is the insurance arm of the firm Commonwealth Bank of Australia that was involved in diverse deceitful exercises namely misusing of medical reports counting deleting files and compelling doctors to later their opinions so that the claims of the clients can be rejected, altering definition of disease, delaying payouts and many others. In this regard, the study at hand thereby intends to examine ethical principles and financial decisions of the firm Commonwealth Bank (CBA). In addition to this, this study also has the intent to assess whether sustainability as well as socially responsible outcomes matter for the firm CBA and identify violations of CBA. Moving further, the study also intends to discuss elaborately ethical violations with orientati on to particular theories. Body Critical evaluation of practices of CBA and financial decisions As regards CSR practice of the firm Commonwealth Bank (CBA), the group declared new vision developed for excelling at securing and augmenting the overall financial well being of individuals, businesses as well as communities. Essentially, the new vision also develops customer centric culture and intends to get better and persistently improve in all the operations undertaken. Corporate Social Principle of the company CBA is outlined in the pecuniary report of the firm as a group strategy as well as sustainability approach. The sustainability strategic framework concentrates on five different areas, upholds the vision and generation of enduring value for the customers, individuals, shareholders along with wider community (Schwartz 2017). The sustainable framework includes the following: Sustainable business practices take in exercises of strong governance, instituted management systems, accountable procurement along with transparent reporting (Tai and Chuang 2014) Accountable Financial Services of CBA undertakes a responsible tactic for the provision of various financial products as well as services. Engaged as well as Talented People of CBA lure develop and retain different, engaged as well as talented workforce. Community Contribution as well as Action carries out impactful contributions to the societies by means of mutually beneficial partnerships (Carroll 2015) Policy of Environmental Stewardship helps CBA to become more proactive in enumerating and lessening overall environmental footprint and deliver smart and effective solution to aid the customers as well as employees lessen their own (Bhattacharya et al. 2017) Analysis of pecuniary reports published by the company Commonwealth Bank (CBA) reveals the fact that the Group delivers funds to over and above 2 million owners of home. Particularly, disburses interest payments to over and above 11 million retail saving as well as transaction account holders (Tran 2018). With approximately 52000 individuals, the annual payroll expends of the group is more than $5 billion. Essentially, the group necessarily returns around 75% of the earned profits to in excess of 800000 Australians who necessarily hold the shares directly together with millions more who essentially hold these by means of superannuation funds (Tran 2018). In essence, the group also disbursed in excess of $3 billion in taxes in the financial year, thereby making the company CBA the fourth largest payer of tax. In addition to this, the group also directly aids over 200 grassroots community corporations. This exerts a positive influence on overall health as well as wellbeing of the youths of Australia (Vertigans and Idowu 2017). Furthermore, the group also presented a wide array of programs on development of financial literacy to over and above 280000 students across the nation. Discussion whether sustainability and socially responsible outcomes matter for CBA Sustainability along with social responsibility is said to really matters for the company CBA. This is evident from the new vision of the company that is extremely customer centric and has the intention to continually get better in everything the company does. The management of the firm intends to evolve particularly the corporate strategy and continue to embrace the significance of Environmental, Social as well as Governance (ESG) contemplations in a swiftly transforming operating environment (Cheng et al. 2014). In addition to this, it is evident from initiatives of the firm that sustainability as well as socially responsible results really matter for the firm. For instance, the company has achieved the target of 20% reduction in carbon; company has ranked 1 in customer satisfaction in different areas of business, participated in around 3520 primary school banking programs and many others. In addition to this, it can be observed that Identification of ethical principles breached by CBA The ethical violations of the firm Commonwealth Bank (CBA) can be analysed from the latest scandals that engulfed the bank particularly the insurance business of the corporation. In addition to this, the insurance arm of the company that is the CommInsue primarily entered into unethical practices of undertaking deceitful exercises. This included misusing of medical reports, deleting several files and compelling doctors to change their opinions for rejecting the claims of the clients. The management of the firm in this way intended to reduce the payouts in terms of claims of the client although the clients diligently paid the premiums. Essentially, there are extraordinary substantiations that are identified and uncovered in this regard that can help in supporting the unethical treatment by the business unit (Saeidi et al. 2015). In itself, there are also allegations of different claim managers who necessarily were cherry picking various doctors for getting prognoses they want. In this way, doctors were persuaded to alter their opinions. Fundamentally, these unethical practices added to the trauma of the sick as well as suffering customers. The ethical principles that are necessarily breached at the firm include the following: Beneficence: This ethical principle essentially guides various decision makers to do what is correct as well as good. In this case, to do good necessarily makes ethical perspective and probable solutions to an ethical dilemma (Korschun et al. 2014). In particular, this principle is also associated to principle of utility and this talk about the need to generate largest ratio of good over evil in the entire world. The management of the firm CBA have failed to do good to the claimants who have diligently paid premiums for years. Therefore, this principle is said to have been violated. Least Harm: This ethical principle mentions that least harm handles situations in which no option appears beneficial. However, in this regard, decision makers intend to select to undertake activities that would do the least harm and things that mete out harm to the fewest people (Dias et al. 2018). As such, this ethical principle is also violated in this regard as the insurance unit of CBA have meted out tremendous harm to the insurance claimants by obtaining fraudulent ways. Respect and reverence for autonomy: This specific principle mentions that decision making have the need to concentrate on permitting people to be autonomous and to be able to make decisions that are applicable to their lives (Wang et al. 2016). Therefore, individuals have the need to maintain control their lives as much as possible as they are the only people who entirely understand their own lifestyle. Justice: The ethical principle of justice talks about the need to concentrate on activities that are to some extent fair to the ones engaged. This refers to the fact that ethical decisions have the need to be consistent with the specific ethical themes (Wang et al. 2016). In case of CBA, this principle has also been breached as the insurance wing of the firm have failed to remain fair. By ways of unfair means, management of the corporation has rejected claims in order to avert huge payouts. Discussion of ethical violations with reference to relevant ethical theories The deontological themes of ethics that are applied for decision making stresses on ethical dilemmas that are significant and directs towards most ethically appropriate resolution. Ethical concerns in insurance corporations include utilitarianism and deontology. The former perspective concentrates on greater good or collective, whilst the latter concentrates on personal duties. Basically, insurance businesses of the Commonwealth Bank have breached the ethical principle of utilitarianism as they have failed to do good and deceitfully violate the rights of claimants. Again, individual customer alternatively is to some extent deontological. They necessarily take into account needs as the first as well as foremost concern with no pertinent interest outside the policy of insurance. There are several concerns that take place when providers of insurance fail to comprehend these areas of concern, undertaking practices that ignore personal objections (Carroll and Buchholtz 2014). Therefore, this is an area where rules/principles are violated for the corporation. Even for legal, personal or else humanitarian causes, ethics cannot be ignored. In ethical themes founded on rights, the specific rights instituted by a community can be protected and given highest priority. In this case rights are necessarily considered ethically appropriate and valid as large population endorses the same. This theory is also violated in the case of CBA. Conclusion The ethical violations with orientation to ethical themes relevant to the current case are explained in this study. In conclusion, it can be said that the current study helps in understanding the practices of CBA and financial decisions bearing in mind the ethical principles of the firm. Also, the study also aids in comprehending whether sustainability and socially responsible outcomes really matter for CBA and identifies ethical principles that are breached by CBA. Moving further, the study at hand also explicates in detail about ethical violations with reference to relevant ethical theories. References Bhattacharya, C.B., Korschun, D., Sen, S. and Routledge, H., 2017. Corporate social responsibility.Journal of International Law,26(2). Carroll, A. and Buchholtz, A., 2014.Business and society: Ethics, sustainability, and stakeholder management. Nelson Education. Carroll, A.B., 2015. Corporate social responsibility.Organizational dynamics,44(2), pp.87-96. Cheng, B., Ioannou, I. and Serafeim, G., 2014. Corporate social responsibility and access to finance.Strategic Management Journal,35(1), pp.1-23. Dias, A., Rodrigues, L.L., Craig, R. and Neves, M.E., 2018. Corporate social responsibility disclosure in small and medium-sized entities and large companies.Social Responsibility Journal. Korschun, D., Bhattacharya, C.B. and Swain, S.D., 2014. Corporate social responsibility, customer orientation, and the job performance of frontline employees.Journal of Marketing,78(3), pp.20-37. Saeidi, S.P., Sofian, S., Saeidi, P., Saeidi, S.P. and Saaeidi, S.A., 2015. How does corporate social responsibility contribute to firm financial performance? The mediating role of competitive advantage, reputation, and customer satisfaction.Journal of Business Research,68(2), pp.341-350. Schwartz, M.S., 2017.Corporate social responsibility. Routledge. Tai, F.M. and Chuang, S.H., 2014. Corporate social responsibility.Ibusiness,6(03), p.117. Tran, B., 2018. Corporate social responsibility. InEncyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition(pp. 671-681). IGI Global. Vertigans, S. and Idowu, S.O., 2017.Corporate Social Responsibility. Springer International Publishing:. Wang, H., Tong, L., Takeuchi, R. and George, G., 2016. Corporate social responsibility: An overview and new research directions thematic issue on corporate social responsibility.Academy of Management Journal,59(2), pp.534-544.